Hi Shawn O,
In case your PC doesn’t have the MAC address of the gateway IP (which is the internal interface of the router) inside its ARP table, then It will issue an ARP request. With the ARP request, it will receive the MAC address from the router so it can start sending the packet. You can check this on the PC by going to the command line and typing the command “arp -a”
Then the packet will go to the router who in turn send it to the ISP DNS Server for the IP to domain name mapping. Once the IP of google.com is known, then the route of the packet happens to reach the web Server of google.
Hope I could answer your question.