Hello Shivam
I believe that your confusing comes from the use of the terms CAM and TCAM. CAM and TCAM are types of memory found in the hardware of the device:
- CAM - content-addressable memory
- TCAM - ternary content-addressable memory
They are not tables, but hardware memory that is used to store various pieces of information. This may be confusing because we often refer to the MAC address table as the CAM table, which is not correct.
So to clarify, the MAC address table, FIB, access lists, QoS information, and the routing table, are all data that are used to allow the operation of network devices.
CAM and TCAM are types of high-speed hardware memory that store these data.
Now as far as control and data plane go, where various types of data are stored depends upon the platform being used. High-end devices will have TCAM and CAM available in the data plane to include the FIB, and access-list information so that can be retrieved very quickly, and reduce data transmission delays that are introduced by going to conventional memory and software. Some lower-end devices won’t have that hardware available.
I hope this has been helpful!
Laz