Hi Sri T,
All three of them will filter routers but there are some big differences…
If you haven’t seen my distribute-list with prefix-list tutorial then take a look at this link:
It will explain the prefix-list in detail.
The route-map is also very powerful…while access-lists and prefix-lists are both used to match on IP addresses or network addresses, route-maps can match on many other things including:
Incoming interface
Next hop IP address
Source of route
Metrics
Route-type (internal / external etc)
Route tags
Rene